Effectiveness of Reiki therapy for preoperative anxiety in cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial

Gomes, Eduardo Tavares; Püschel, Vilanice Alves de Araújo

doi:10.37689/acta-ape/2024AO00000822

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Sumário

Original Article • Acta Paul Enferm 37 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.37689/acta-ape/2024AO00000822 copy

Effectiveness of Reiki therapy for preoperative anxiety in cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective

To assess the effectiveness of a Reiki protocol on anxiety levels in the preoperative period of cardiac surgery.

Methods

This is a controlled and randomized clinical trial carried out in a university reference hospital in cardiology between June and December 2021. Chunk randomization and allocation by draw with opaque sealed envelopes were carried out in two groups: Control (n=44; not subjected to intervention); and Intervention (n=44; submitted to two Reiki sessions three days before and the day before surgery). The main outcomes (anxiety, well-being and muscle tension) were assessed across sessions using a mixed effects model. To assess the effect size, partial eta squared (η²p) values were calculated.

Results

Differences in anxiety scores (+2.7 points more than the control), well-being (-0.78) and muscle tension (1.27) were determined, being considered statistically significant (p<0.001). In analyzing the effect size, the experiment better distinguished the variation in the anxiety variable (η²p=0.74) than in the other two variables (η²p=0.14; η²p=0.23).

Conclusion

The study offers favorable evidence for the effectiveness of Reiki in controlling preoperative anxiety after cardiac surgery. Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry: RBR-2nhgvn6

Thoracic surgery; Preoperative period; Therapeutic touch; Anxiety; Complementary therapies

Anxiety		Group	Mean	Standard deviation	95% CI	Min	Max	Mean difference
1^st Session	Pre	C	6.2	0.92	5.9-6.5	4	8.1	0.45
	Pre	R	6.2	0.94	5.8-6.4	4	8	0.45
	Post	C	6.1	0.92	5.8-6.3	4	8	1.02
	Post	R	5.1	0.94	4.8-5.4	3	6	1.02
2^nd Session	Pre	C	7.9	1.10	7.6-8.2	5	9	0.64
	Pre	R	7.3	0.80	7.0-7.5	5	8	0.64
	Post	C	8	1.00	7.7-8.3	5	9	2.7
	Post	R	5.3	0.90	5.0-5.6	3	7	2.7
Well-being		Group	Mean	Standard deviation	95% CI	Min	Max	Mean difference
1^st Session	Pre	C	6.2	1.12	5.8-6.5	4	9	0.09
	Pre	R	6.3	1.18	5.9-6.6	4	9	0.09
	Post	C	6.5	0.95	6.2-6.8	5	9	-0.2
	Post	R	6.7	0.93	6.4-7.0	5	9	-0.2
2^nd Session	Pre	C	5.4	0.99	5.0-5.7	3	8	-0.27
	Pre	R	5.7	0.89	5.4-5.9	4	8	-0.27
	Post	C	5.5	1.05	5.-5.8	3	8	-0.78
	Post	R	6.3	0.84	5.9-6.5	5	8	-0.78
Muscle tension perception		Group	Mean	Standard deviation	95% CI	Min	Max	Mean difference
1^st Session	Pre	C	6.0	0.93	5.7-6.3	4	8	<0.01
	Pre	R	6.0	1.04	5.7-6.3	4	8	<0.01
	Post	C	6.1	1.14	5.7-6.4	4	8	0.5
	Post	R	5.5	0.73	5.3-5.8	4	7	0.5
2^nd Session	Pre	C	7.4	1.35	6.3-6.9	5	10	0.86
	Pre	R	6.6	0.97	7.0-7.8	4	8	0.86
	Post	C	6.6	0.90	6.3-6.8	4	9	1.27
	Post	R	5.3	0.96	5.0-5.6	3	7	1.27

Anxiety	x²	df	p	η²_p	95% CI
Intercept	4683.31	1	<0.001
Time	1591.18	3	<0.001	0.86	[0.84; 1.00]
Group	28.83	1	<0.001	0.25	[0.13; 1.00]
Time X group	751.94	3	<0.001	0.74	[0.70; 1.00]
Well-being	x²	df	p	η²_p	95% CI^§
Intercept	3826.55	1	<0.001
Time	665.23	3	<0.001	0.72	[0.68; 1.00]
Group	2.36	1	0.124	0.03	[0.00; 1.00]
Time X group	40.44	3	<0.001	0.14	[0.07; 1.00]
Muscle tension perception	x²	df	p	η²_p	95% CI
Intercept	3951.35	1	<0.001
Time	432.65	3	<0.001	0.63	[0.57; 1.00]
Group	9.73	1	0.002	0.10	[0.02; 1.00]
Time X group	79.06	3	<0.001	0.23	[0.16; 1.00]

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[1] Corresponding author: Eduardo Tavares Gomes E-mail: edutgs@hotmail.com